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02-B: Organizational Security

This section evaluates your organization’s overall security governance and structure.

The questions focus on whether you have defined security roles and responsibilities, executive oversight, and a documented framework of policies, standards, and procedures.

They also assess how security is communicated, enforced, and reviewed across the organization, including training, awareness, and escalation paths. In essence, this section confirms that information security is formally managed at an organizational level, not handled ad hoc or solely at a technical level.

Explanation: A formal, written security policy is essential as it serves as a foundational document outlining the organization's approach to protecting sensitive data, systems, and processes.


Risks of Incorrect Answer: Lack of direction for employees and vendors, leading to inconsistent security practices. Increased risk of data breaches and non-compliance with regulatory requirements.


Applicable Frameworks:

• NIST CSF (ID.GV-1): Policies, processes, and procedures are established for cybersecurity governance.

• ISO 27001 (A.5.1.1): Security policies must be documented and communicated.

• HIPAA (164.316(a)): Requires documented policies and procedures for compliance.

Explanation: A formal, written security policy is essential as it serves as a foundational document outlining the organization's approach to protecting sensitive data, systems, and processes.

Risks of Incorrect Answer: Lack of direction for employees and vendors, leading to inconsistent security practices. Increased risk of data breaches and non-compliance with regulatory requirements.

Applicable Frameworks:
• NIST CSF (ID.GV-1): Policies, processes, and procedures are established for cybersecurity governance.
• ISO 27001 (A.5.1.1): Security policies must be documented and communicated.
• HIPAA (164.316(a)): Requires documented policies and procedures for compliance.

Explanation: Physical security measures help protect facilities, systems, and data from unauthorized physical access or damage.

Risks of Incorrect Answer: Vulnerability to theft, tampering, or unauthorized access to critical infrastructure. Non-compliance with physical security requirements in regulations like HIPAA or ISO 27001.

Applicable Frameworks:
• NIST CSF (PR.AC-6): Physical access to assets is managed and protected.
• ISO 27001 (A.11.1): Defines requirements for secure areas and physical protection.

Explanation: Regular review ensures that security policies remain up-to-date with evolving threats, technologies, and regulations.


Risks of Incorrect Answer: Policies may become outdated and fail to address current risks. Lack of accountability and visibility into the security program.


Applicable Frameworks:

• ISO 27001 (A.5.1.2): Security policies must be reviewed and updated regularly.

• NIST CSF (ID.GV-2): Governance processes are reviewed to align with risk management.

Explanation: Regular review ensures that security policies remain up-to-date with evolving threats, technologies, and regulations.

Risks of Incorrect Answer: Policies may become outdated and fail to address current risks. Lack of accountability and visibility into the security program.

Applicable Frameworks:
• ISO 27001 (A.5.1.2): Security policies must be reviewed and updated regularly.
• NIST CSF (ID.GV-2): Governance processes are reviewed to align with risk management.

Explanation: Annual training reinforces employees' knowledge and updates them on new threats, ensuring ongoing compliance and security.

Risks of Incorrect Answer: Employees may fail to recognize new attack methods, such as phishing or social engineering. Non-compliance with standards requiring periodic training.

Applicable Frameworks:
• NIST CSF (PR.AT-2): Security training is tailored to roles and responsibilities.
• ISO 27001 (A.7.2.2): Security training must be conducted regularly.
• HIPAA (164.308(a)(5)): Mandates regular security awareness training for workforce members.

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Some or all of the services described in this engagement may not be available to certain clients, including those who have affiliations or relationships with audit firms or related entities.

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The information provided herein is of a general nature and is not intended to address the specific circumstances of any individual or entity. While we strive to offer accurate and up-to-date information, we cannot guarantee its accuracy at the time it is received or in the future. No action should be taken based solely on this information without seeking appropriate professional advice tailored to your particular situation. CRISP does not provide legal or tax advice.

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This information is not intended to constitute “written advice concerning one or more Federal tax matters” as defined by section 10.37(a)(2) of Treasury Department Circular 230.

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